| Title |
Nanoscale temperature mapping in operating microelectronic devices
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Science, February 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1126/science.aaa2433 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Matthew Mecklenburg, William A Hubbard, E R White, Rohan Dhall, Stephen B Cronin, Shaul Aloni, B C Regan |
| Abstract |
Modern microelectronic devices have nanoscale features that dissipate power nonuniformly, but fundamental physical limits frustrate efforts to detect the resulting temperature gradients. Contact thermometers disturb the temperature of a small system, while radiation thermometers struggle to beat the diffraction limit. Exploiting the same physics as Fahrenheit's glass-bulb thermometer, we mapped the thermal expansion of Joule-heated, 80-nanometer-thick aluminum wires by precisely measuring changes in density. With a scanning transmission electron microscope and electron energy loss spectroscopy, we quantified the local density via the energy of aluminum's bulk plasmon. Rescaling density to temperature yields maps with a statistical precision of 3 kelvin/hertz(-1/2), an accuracy of 10%, and nanometer-scale resolution. Many common metals and semiconductors have sufficiently sharp plasmon resonances to serve as their own thermometers. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 11 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 3 | 27% |
| United States | 2 | 18% |
| France | 1 | 9% |
| Netherlands | 1 | 9% |
| Greece | 1 | 9% |
| Unknown | 3 | 27% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 10 | 91% |
| Scientists | 1 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 420 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 10 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 2 | <1% |
| Belgium | 2 | <1% |
| Ireland | 1 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
| Germany | 1 | <1% |
| Spain | 1 | <1% |
| Denmark | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 0 | 0% |
| Unknown | 400 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 135 | 32% |
| Researcher | 86 | 20% |
| Student > Master | 35 | 8% |
| Professor > Associate Professor | 28 | 7% |
| Professor | 24 | 6% |
| Other | 61 | 15% |
| Unknown | 51 | 12% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Physics and Astronomy | 102 | 24% |
| Engineering | 87 | 21% |
| Materials Science | 84 | 20% |
| Chemistry | 46 | 11% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 7 | 2% |
| Other | 20 | 5% |
| Unknown | 74 | 18% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 237. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 02 February 2018.
All research outputs
#130,346
of 22,786,691 outputs
Outputs from Science
#4,234
of 77,910 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#1,626
of 352,115 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Science
#94
of 1,138 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,786,691 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 77,910 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 62.1. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 352,115 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 99% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 1,138 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its contemporaries.